“vertical restraint”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

单词	vertical restraint
释义	vertical restraint Encyclopedia 经济学纵向约束释 vertical restraint纵向约束在同一产业链上生产或销售的不同阶段中，具有垄断势力的企业通过不同的协议限制产业链上其他企业经营活动的策略行为。又称纵向限制、垂直约束。
随便看	effective field theory effective filter response effective filtration pressure effective flow resistance effective f-number effective focal length effective focal spot effective focus length effective formal deformation Effective Formulae Handed Down for Generations effective frequency range effective fuel consumption effective functional effective genus effective group effective group action effective Hamiltonian effective height effective history effective hydrocarbon source area effective indenter effective interaction effective ionic radiu effective ion Larmor radius effective Lagrangian of non Abelian gauge theory

科学参考收录了854744条科技类词条，基本涵盖了常见科技类参考文献及英语词汇的翻译，是科学学习和研究的有利工具。