工学 总论 释 top-down 自上而下 在规划的制定、实施过程中，规划及相关政策的执行者（政府）是主要的参与者，并集中关注在宏观层面决策和贯彻落实衔接的方式。
软件工程 释文 top-down 自顶向下
- left resolution
- left reversibility
- left reversible semigroup
- left Riemann integral
- left-right axis
- left right correlation
- left-right correlation
- left/right hand spinors
- (left,right) ideal of an algebra
- left (right) parametrix
- left-right points combination，left-right points association
- left (right) serial ring
- left ring
- left R module
- left R-module
- left rotation
- left satellite
- left screw
- left secondary element
- left secondary radical
- left self-injective ring
- left semi-chain ring
- left semicontinuous
- left semi Fredholm operator
- left semi-Fredholm operator